Onwudinjo, Frank, Department of Chemical Engineering, Bucknell University, 1 Dent drive, Lewisburg, PA 17837, cfo003@bucknell.edu; Okolie, Jude A., Department of Chemical Engineering, Bucknell University, 1 Dent Drive, Lewisburg, PA 17837, jude.okolie@bucknell.edu.
This paper comprises a detailed review of existing techniques for the chemical looping CO2 capture and its in-situ conversion into valuable products such as green fuels and chemicals. CO2 emissions from industrial activities have a detrimental impact on life and are a major contributor to global warming, which has been steadily increasing each year. To mitigate these high levels of CO2 emissions, this study reviewed the potential for value addition using CO2 as a precursor via chemical looping CO2 capture and in-situ conversion (CL-ICCC). The products formed are green fuels and chemicals. Rather than just carbon capture and storage (CCS), it provides insights into a novel cost-saving and more efficient approach aimed at integrating the capture and conversion phases, known as carbon capture and utilization (CCU). The bifunctional materials are prepared using an electronic waste (Li-ion batteries) enabling the simultaneous synthesis of new products from the recovered CO2 form the core of the chemical looping mechanism. These substances allow for the cyclic recovery and concurrent conversion of CO2. Instead of having two standalone procedures, a unified approach is proposed such that sorption and catalysis are integrated with the design and preparation of a novel bifunctional material. This work provides an overview of the chemical looping CO2 capture and in-situ conversion (CL-ICCC). Methods discussed include dry reforming of methane, reverse water gas shift reaction (RWGS), methanation, and oxidative dehydrogenation reaction. The composition of bifunctional material for chemical looping CO2 capture and in-situ conversion was x-rayed comprising sorbent-catalysts (SC) and sorbent oxygen carriers (SOC). Also, bifunctional preparation techniques and advances in these areas are outlined. Findings from this review highlight the significance of computational and experimental tools demonstrating the robustness of the chemical looping process. Challenges and prospects of the chemical looping CO2 capture and in-situ conversion were identified. Finally, this would be a valuable tool for researchers and sustainability assessment practitioners seeking insights in this novel area.
Bifunctional materials, Catalysis, Adsorption, Chemical looping